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1.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 57(4): 9-15, out.-dez. 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1359199

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A qualidade do sono é uma das queixas mais frequentes entre estudantes universitários. OBJETIVOS: Identificar a prevalência de má qualidade do sono e os fatores associados em acadêmicos da área da saúde de uma universidade do Centro-Oeste do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com uma amostra de 2171 universitários com média de idade de 22,7 (±3,9). O desfecho, sono de má qualidade, foi avaliado por meio da versão brasileira do questionário Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-BR). As variáveis independentes (demográficas, socioeconômicas e comportamentais) foram avaliadas por meio de um questionário padronizado. As análises multivariadas foram realizadas por meio de Regressão de Poisson, estimando-se as Razões de Prevalências (RP) ajustadas e seus respectivos Intervalos de Confiança de 95% (IC95%). RESULTADOS: A média do escore do PSQI-BR foi 7,0. A prevalência de má qualidade do sono foi de 63,5% (IC95% 61,4-65,5), sendo 60,3% nos homens e 64,8% nas mulheres. Após análise ajustada, auto percepção de saúde razoável/ruim esteve associada com má qualidade do sono em ambos os sexos. Além disso, para os homens, a prevalência de má qualidade do sono foi maior para os estudantes que fumavam; e foi menor para aqueles que consumiam adequadamente frutas, legumes e verduras e eram suficientemente ativos. Já para as mulheres, a prevalência de má qualidade do sono foi maior naquelas com 24 ou mais anos de idade, sem companheiro, que consumiam bebidas alcoólicas e que cursavam medicina. CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se elevada prevalência do desfecho na amostra. Além disso, a má qualidade do sono ocorre de forma diferente entre homens e mulheres. Ressalva-se a importância do monitoramento da má qualidade do sono em estudantes universitários.


INTRODUCTION: Sleep quality is one of the most frequent complaints among college students. OBJETIVE: To identify the prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors in health care academics at a university in the Midwest of Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 2171 university students with a mean age of 22.7 (±3.9). The outcome, poor quality sleep, was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-BR) questionnaire. Independent variables (demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral) were assessed using a standardized questionnaire. Multivariate analyzes were performed using Poisson Regression, estimating the adjusted Prevalence Ratios (PR) and their respective 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: The mean score of the PSQI-BR was 7.0. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 63.5% (95%CI 61.4-65.5), being 60.3% in men and 64.8% in women. After adjusted analysis, reasonable/poor self-rated health was associated with poor sleep quality in both sexes. Furthermore, for men, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was higher for students who smoked; and it was lower for those who adequately consumed fruits and vegetables and were sufficiently active. As for women, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was higher in those aged 24 or over, without a partner, who consumed alcoholic beverages and who were studying medicine. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of the outcome in the sample. Furthermore, poor sleep quality occurs differently between men and women. Thus, we emphasize the importance of monitoring poor sleep quality in college students.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Sleep Deprivation/epidemiology , Students, Health Occupations/psychology , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Universities , Brazil/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Multivariate Analysis , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 7(3): 157-168, jul.-sept. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1381373

ABSTRACT

Tanto la formación en Competencia Intercultural como la Educación Interprofesional mejoran los resultados en salud. No se encontraron revisiones sistemáticas, en la literatura especializada, que analicen ambos factores juntos en los últimos diez años. Caracterizar aspectos metodológicos de investigaciones empíricas de Competencia Intercultural con Educación Interprofesional en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud, describir aspectos curriculares de la formación en Competencia Intercultural con Educación Interprofesional, y analizar la efectividad de dichas experiencias educativas. Se desarrolló una revisión sistemática de las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, PubMed y ProQuest desde el 2010 a 2020. Existe un predominio de artículos realizados en Estados Unidos y Australia, con enfoque mixto, no experimentales, tamaño muestral acotado y uso de encuestas de percepción. Los contenidos abordaron el conocimiento intercultural general y la atención de salud, con experiencias de tipo extracurricular, presenciales, de corta duración y para un acotado número de carreras. Destacaron las estrategias de aprendizaje en equipo y Service Learning Experience. La efectividad de las experiencias educativas resultó poco concluyente; no obstante, se sugieren ciertas pautas en base a lo analizado. Resulta imprescindible desarrollar mayor investigación a nivel latinoamericano y que se incluyan las mejoras metodológicas señaladas. La formación debería focalizarse en desarrollar la autoconciencia cultural como base para la comprensión mutua, esto requiere de un equipo docente con competencias pedagógicas y culturales, además de sanitarias. Finalmente, es fundamental investigar sobre los factores que permiten un mayor desarrollo de estas competencias en el estudiantado.


There is a direct impact on health service outcomes when professionals are trained in intercultural competence and interprofessional education. No systematic reviews were found in the specialized literature that examined both factors together over the last ten years. To characterize the methodological aspects of empirical research regarding Intercultural Competence with Interprofessional Education in Health Sciences students, To describe the curricular aspects of training in Intercultural Competence with Interprofessional Education, and To analyze the effectiveness of said educational experiences. A systematic review of the Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, and ProQuest databases was carried out from 2010 to 2020. There is a predominance of articles composed in the United States and Australia, with a mixed approach, not experimental, limited sample size, and use of survey perception. The contents dealt with general intercultural knowledge and health care, with extracurricular, faceto-face, short-term experiences, and for a limited number of majors. Team learning strategies and stood out Service Learning Experience. The effectiveness of the educational experiences was inconclusive; however, certain guidelines are recommended based on what has been analyzed. It is crucial to develop more research at a Latin American level including the methodological improvements. Training should focus on developing cultural self-awareness as a basis for mutual understanding, this requires a teaching team with pedagogical and cultural skills, as well as health knowledge. Finally, it is fundamental to investigate the factors that allow more comprehensive development of these competencies in the student body.


Subject(s)
Humans , Teaching/standards , Teaching/organization & administration , Education, Medical/methods , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Clinical Competence/standards , Curriculum/standards , Health Sciences , Interdisciplinary Studies , Medicine
3.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 70(2): 126-133, abr.-jun. 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1279305

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação da imagem corporal e o comportamento alimentar de universitários de uma capital do Nordeste do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Participaram da pesquisa universitários (n = 1570) da área da saúde de ambos os sexos, de quatro instituições de ensino superior. As dimensões da imagem corporal (i.e., perceptiva e atitudinal) foram avaliadas por meio da Escala de Silhuetas para adultos brasileiros; e o comportamento alimentar por meio da versão brasileira do Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). Para a avaliação do estado nutricional, foram coletados peso corporal e estatura de modo autorreportado. A análise de associação foi feita pela regressão linear múltipla, após estratificação por sexo. RESULTADOS: Notou-se maior prevalência de universitárias do sexo feminino (72,9%), com idade média de 21,8 (DP = 4,1) anos. Foi encontrada associação entre percepção e (in)satisfação corporal com o comportamento alimentar em ambos os sexos. As mulheres que superestimaram o tamanho corporal obtiveram associação inversa com a dimensão alimentar restritiva (p = 0,001); e as insatisfeitas por magreza, associação direta entre alimentação restritiva; e inversa com o comportamento emocional (p < 0,001). Os homens que superestimaram seu tamanho corporal evidenciaram associação direta com a alimentação emocional; e entre os insatisfeitos por excesso de peso houve associação direta com a dimensão emocional (p = 0,032) e global (p = 0,046) do comportamento alimentar. CONCLUSÕES: O presente estudo demonstra que a imagem corporal negativa, considerando as duas dimensões avaliadas (i.e., perceptiva e atitudinal), foi associada ao comportamento alimentar entre universitários de ambos os sexos.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze an association of image and eating behavior of university students from a capital city in Northeast Brazil. METHODS: Participated in university research (n = 1570) in the health area of both sexes, from four higher education institutions. The dimensions of body image (that is, perceptual and attitudinal) were assessed using the Brazilian Adult Silhouettes Scale; and eating behavior using the Brazilian version of the Dutch eating behavior questionnaire (DEBQ). For an assessment of nutritional status, body weight and height were collected automatically reported. An association analysis was performed using the selected linear regression, after stratification by sex. RESULTS: There is no higher prevalence of women (72.9%), with a mean age of 21.8 (SD = 4.1) years. An association was found between perception and (in) body satisfaction with eating behavior in both sexes. Women who overestimated body size had an inverse association with the restrictive dietary dimension (p = 0.001); and as dissatisfied by law, direct association between restrictive eating; and inverse with emotional behavior (p < 0.001). Men who overestimate their body size, showed an association with emotional nutrition; among those dissatisfied with excess weight, there was an association with emotional (p = 0.032) and global (p = 0.046) dimensions of eating behavior. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that a negative body image, considering two dimensions evaluated (that is, perceptual and attitudinal), was associated with eating behavior among university students of both sexes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Students, Health Occupations/psychology , Body Image/psychology , Feeding Behavior , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Body Dissatisfaction/psychology
4.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 45(1): e031, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155912

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Introduction: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is characterized by an increased likelihood of initiating sleep at inappropriate times through involuntary naps and it negatively impacts performance in studies, work, family, and social relationships and increases the risk of accidents. Objective: This study evaluated the schedule and prevalence of EDS and its associated factors in medical students (using the PBL method), comparing it with students from other health courses (using the Traditional method). Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1152 university students who were attending courses in the health area. The presence of EDS was defined when scores >10 in the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the chronotype was assessed by means of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Using Stata 13.0 software, descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed, including interactions to fit the model. Results: The prevalence of EDS was 56.5% (95% CI, 53.6-59.4), and the mean ESS score was 11.1 (95% CI, 10.8-11.3). This value was lower among those who had morning chronotypes and was higher among medical students. 10.3% (n=119) of the students had a chronotype that was incompatible with the period of the course. The associated and independent factors for EDS were: female gender (PR, 1.14, 95% CI, 1.01-1.29), age between 16 and 19 years (PR, 1.20, 95% CI, 1.04-1.39), studying late at night and using cell phones before falling asleep (PR, 1.56, 95% CI, 1.02-2.38), not doing weekly physical activity (PR, 1.13, 95% CI, 1.02-1.25), and morning chronotype (PR, 0.87, 95% CI, 0.76-0.99). Not using cell phones before bedtime reduced the prevalence of EDS by 14%. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the morning chronotype behaved as an independent protective factor for disorders of the circadian cycle. Performing weekly physical activity reduces EDS among students with intermediate and evening chronotypes.


Resumo: Introdução: A sonolência diurna excessiva (SDE) é caracterizada por uma maior probabilidade de o indivíduo iniciar o sono em horários inadequados por meio de cochilos involuntários, afeta negativamente o desempenho nos estudos, no trabalho e nas relações familiares e sociais, e aumenta o risco de acidentes. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o cronotipo e a prevalência de SDE e seus fatores associados em estudantes de Medicina (método PBL). Para tanto, compararam-se os discentes de Medicina com os de outros cursos da área da saúde (método tradicional). Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal com 1.152 estudantes universitários matriculados em cursos de graduação da área da saúde. Definiu-se a presença de SDE quando se observaram escores > 10 na Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESE), e o cronótipo foi avaliado por meio do instrumento Morningness-eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Por meio do software Stata 13.0, realizaram-se estatística descritiva e análises bivariadas e multivariadas, além de interações para que o estudo pudesse se ajustar ao modelo. Resultados: A prevalência de SDE foi de 56,5% (IC 95%, 53,6-59,4), e a pontuação média na ESE foi de 11,1 (IC 95%, 10,8-11,3). Esse valor foi menor entre os que apresentaram cronotipo matutino e maior entre os estudantes de Medicina. Dos alunos que participaram do estudo, 10,3% (n = 119) apresentaram um cronotipo incompatível com o período do curso. Os fatores associados e independentes para a SDE foram: sexo feminino (RP, 1,14, IC 95%, 1,01-1,29), idade entre 16 e 19 anos (RP, 1,20, IC 95%, 1,04-1,39), hábito de estudar de madrugada, uso de celular antes de dormir (RP, 1,56, IC 95%, 1,02-2,38), não praticar atividade física semanal (RP, 1,13, IC 95%, 1,02-1,25) e cronótipo matutino (RP, 0,87, IC 95%, 0,76-0,99). Não usar telefones celulares antes de dormir reduziu a prevalência de SDE em 14%. Conclusões: Este estudo demonstrou que o cronotipo matutino se comportou como um fator protetor independente para distúrbios do ciclo circadiano. A prática de atividade física semanal reduziu a prevalência SDE entre universitários com cronotipos intermediário e noturno.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Students, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Circadian Rhythm , Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Exercise , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm/epidemiology
5.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 45(2): e093, 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1279844

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Introduction: Changes in the Sleep/Wake Cycle (SWC) of university students can have consequences on physical, mental and social health. In addition, some behaviors adopted at this stage may be associated with SWC impairment. Objective: Therefore, this study aims to identify which factors of social determinants of health (SDH) are associated with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in university students. Method: This is a cross-sectional study that included 298 university students, aged between 18 and 35 years; 73.2% of the students were females and from the countryside of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Data were collected from the following questionnaires: Health and Sleep, Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. To assess the association of SDH with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness, Poisson Regression with robust variance was performed. Result: The prevalence of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness among the university students was 79.2% and 51.3%, respectively. Between the intermediate determinants of health, a higher prevalence rate of poor sleep quality was observed in students who reported health problems in the previous month (18.4%), smoked (23.5%), drank stimulating beverages close to bedtime (25.8%) and those who used electronic devices before bedtime during the week (18.4%) when compared to those who did not have these behaviors. Regarding excessive daytime sleepiness, students who justified bedtime during the week and wake-up time at the weekend because of the academic demand showed, respectively, 27% and 34% lower prevalence of EDS than the group that did not have these behaviors. Conclusions: The high prevalence of poor sleep quality and EDS observed among university students was associated to biological factors and most of them, behavioral factors.


Resumo: Introdução: As alterações no ciclo sono/vigília (CSV) dos jovens universitários podem acarretar consequências na saúde física, psíquica e social. Além disso, alguns comportamentos adotados nessa fase podem estar associados a comprometimento do CSV. Objetivo: Portanto, este estudo tem por objetivo identificar quais fatores dos determinantes sociais da saúde (DSS) estão associados à má qualidade do sono e à sonolência diurna excessiva (SDE) de universitários. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal que incluiu 298 universitários, com idade entre 18 e 35 anos, 73,2% dos estudantes do sexo feminino do interior do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos seguintes questionários: A Saúde e o Sono, Questionário de Cronotipo de Munique, Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh e Escala de Sonolência de Epworth. Para avaliar a associação dos DSS com a má qualidade de sono e a SDE, realizou-se a regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultado: A prevalência da má qualidade do sono e de SDE nos universitários foi de 79,2% e 51,3%, respectivamente. Entre os determinantes intermediários da saúde, observou-se maior razão de prevalência de má qualidade de sono nos estudantes que apresentaram problema de saúde no último mês (18,4%), fumavam (23,5%) e faziam uso de bebidas estimulantes próximo ao horário de dormir (25,8%), e naqueles que usavam eletrônicos antes do horário de dormir durante a semana (18,4%), quando comparados aos que não adotam esses comportamentos. Com relação à SDE, os estudantes que justificaram o horário de dormir na semana e de acordar no fim de semana por causa da demanda acadêmica apresentaram 27% e 34%, respectivamente, de menor prevalência de SDE do que o grupo que não adota esses comportamentos. Conclusão: As altas prevalências de má qualidade do sono e de SDE observadas nos universitários foram decorrentes de fatores biológicos e, em sua maioria, de fatores comportamentais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Social Determinants of Health , Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors
6.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(5): 1861-1873, Sept.-Oct. 2020. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1131559

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to calculate the quality of life scores (Short Form-36) of veterinary students in Turkey and review their scores with regards to different socio-demographic characteristics. A total of 1211 students studying veterinary medicine in 26 different faculties in Turkey were selected by stratified sampling method and were asked questions concerning their consumption of and expenditures on foods of animal origin using the SF-36 questionnaire between October and December 2018. Significant differences were found between SF-36 components in terms of year level, gender, accommodation status, income level, and level of expenditures on foods and foods of animal origin (P<0.01). With the increase in the size of the budget set aside for animal products, the scores in the domains of physical functioning, vitality, mental health, pain, and general health perception also enhanced, and statistically significant differences were found (P<0.01). The low quality of life scores of the veterinary students can be improved by increasing their income level and consumption of foods of animal origin. This will ensure that they are energetic and have the desired level of mental and general health perceptions.(AU)


O presente estudo teve como objetivo calcular os escores de qualidade de vida (SF-36) de estudantes de veterinária na Turquia e revisar seus escores no que diz respeito a diferentes características sociodemográficas. Um total de 1211 estudantes de medicina veterinária em 26 faculdades diferentes na Turquia foram selecionados pelo método de amostragem estratificada e foram questionadas sobre o consumo e as despesas com alimentos de origem animal usando o questionário SF-36 entre outubro e dezembro de 2018. Diferenças significativas foram encontradas entre os participantes do SF-36 em termos de nível do ano, gênero, status de acomodação, nível de renda e nível de gastos com alimentos e alimentos de origem animal (P <0,01). Com o aumento do orçamento reservado para produtos de origem animal, as pontuações nos domínios de funcionamento físico, vitalidade, saúde mental, dor e percepção geral de saúde também aumentaram e foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas (P <0,01). Os baixos índices de qualidade de vida dos veterinários podem ser melhorados, aumentando o nível de renda e o consumo de alimentos de origem animal. Isso garantirá mais energia e que tenham o nível desejado de percepção mental e geral de saúde.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Quality of Life , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Cost Control/statistics & numerical data , Foods of Animal Origin , Income , Schools, Veterinary/statistics & numerical data , Turkey
7.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 6(3): 177-183, jul.-sept. 2020. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1379747

ABSTRACT

El estado nutricional es el reflejo de las condiciones de salud de la población y requiere de indicadores objetivos de diagnóstico que mejor expliquen su comportamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar los indicadores antropométricos que mejor correlación tienen con el Índice de Masa Corporal en estudiantes de una Universidad Privada. Para ello se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo de corte transversal, en el que se incluyeron a 215 estudiantes que ingresaron al programa de Nutrición y Dietética de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Medellín-Colombia, entre los años 2016 y 2018. Se tomaron 46 mediciones antropométricas siguiendo los parámetros establecidos por la Sociedad Internacional para el desarrollo de la Kineantropometría. El procesamiento de la información se realizó con el Software estadístico R 3.6.2 aplicando técnicas de la estadística descriptiva básica e inferencial mediante el cálculo de estadísticos descriptivos de tendencia central y dispersión y un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple respectivamente. Los resultados de este estudio indican que circunferencias corporales como pierna máxima, cintura mínima, muslo medio y abdomen máximo son medidas que presenta una correlación positiva con respecto al Índice de Masa Corporal, esto permite inferir que estas mediciones pueden ser utilizadas como método de valoración del estado nutricional en población joven cuando la evaluación antropométrica tradicional se encuentra limitada.


Nutritional status is a reflection of the health conditions of the population and requires objective diagnostic indicators that best explain their behavior. This study aimed to evaluate the anthropometric indicators that have the best correlation with the Body Mass Index in students of a Private University. To this end, a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, which included 215 students who entered the Nutrition and Dietetics program of a private university in the city of Medellin-Colombia, between 2016 and 2018. 46 anthropometric measurements were taken according to the parameters established by the International Society for the Development of Kineantropometry. The processing of the information was carried out with statistical software R 3.6.2 applying techniques of basic and inferential descriptive statistics by calculating descriptive statistics of central trend and dispersion and a multiple linear regression model respectively. The results of this study indicate that body circumferences such as upper leg, lower waist, mid thigh and upper abdomen are measurements that have a positive correlation with respect to body mass index. Therefore these measurements can be used as a method of assessing nutritional status in young population when traditional anthropometric evaluation is limited.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Body Mass Index , Anthropometry , Universities , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Colombia/epidemiology , Nutritional Sciences , Correlation of Data
8.
Trends psychiatry psychother. (Impr.) ; 42(2): 207-215, Apr.-June 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1139823

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate factors associated with empathy and identify instruments used to measure this ability in professionals and students in the health field. Method A systematic review was performed. Searches were conducted on the PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using the keywords "empathy" and "health professional". We selected 29 articles published in English, with no restriction imposed regarding the year of publication. Results Based on the findings of the articles selected, sociodemographic factors (female gender, being married, being older, having siblings, and having children) are associated with higher levels of empathy. Professional experience (years of practice) and being on the final years of the course also contributed to higher levels of empathy. Different versions of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy were the most prevalent assessment tools employed in the different studies. Conclusion The articles analyzed describe several factors that influence the level of empathy among health professionals and students. Thus, future studies should take sociodemographic factors into account when evaluating levels of empathy in this population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students, Health Occupations , Health Personnel , Empathy , Students, Health Occupations/psychology , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Health Personnel/psychology , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data
9.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 25(2): 715-727, Feb. 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055837

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fizemos estudo transversal para iniciar coorte em dois Hospitais Universitários de dois países - Brasil e Colômbia - para avaliar a prevalência de acidentes com material biológico (AT-MB), o nível de adesão às Precauções Padrão (PP) e o conhecimento sobre patógenos transmissíveis pelo sangue e fatores associados entre trabalhadores e estudantes da saúde, no marco da implementação da norma NR-32. Criamos escalas para estimar conhecimento e adesão baseadas em 12 e 11 perguntas respectivamente. Utilizamos Regressão de Poisson-Tweedie para avaliar a associação do conhecimento e da adesão às PP com sofrer AT-MB. Avaliamos 965 indivíduos (348 estudantes e 617 profissionais). O conhecimento teve média de 10,98 com mediana de 11 (10, 12) e α-Cr de 0,625. A média de adesão foi de 30,74 com mediana de 31 (28, 34) e α-Cr de 0,745, associando-se a País, grupo (estudantes) e percepção de risco. Entre os fatores associadas ao relato de AT-MB encontraram-se o conhecimento, a adesão às PP, País de origem e ter tomado o esquema completo de vacinação contra Hepatites B. Concluímos que o nível de conhecimento e adesão foram adequados, ainda melhores entre os participantes do Brasil e associaram-se ao relato AT-MB.


Abstract This was a cross-sectional study to start a cohort in two University Hospitals of two countries - Brazil and Colombia - for assessing the prevalence of needlestick and sharps injuries (NSI), the level of compliance with standard precautions (SPs), and knowledge on blood borne pathogens and associated factors among health students and professionals, within the framework of the implementation of the NR-32 standard. We created compliance scales based on 12 and 10 questions, for assessing knowledge. We used the Multinomial Poisson-Tweedie Regression to evaluate the relationship between knowledge and compliance with SPs within NSI. We evaluated 965 individuals (348 students and 614 professionals). The mean score points for level of knowledge was 10.98, with a median of 11 (10; 12) and α-Cr of 0,625. Compliance with SP had a mean of 30.74 and median of 31 (28; 34), with a α-Cr coefficient of 0.745, associated with country, group (student) and risk perception. Among the factors associated with the report of NSI, we singled out knowledge and compliance, country of origin, and full vaccination scheme against the Hepatitis B virus. We concluded that the level of knowledge and compliance were adequate among participants, but better among Brazilian participants, and it was associated with NSI reporting.


Resumen Hicimos estudio transversal como punto de partida de estudio de cohorte en dos Hospitales Universitarios en dos países - Brasil y Colombia - para evaluar la prevalencia de accidentes con material biológico (AT-MB), el nivel de adhesión a las Precauciones Estándares (PUs) y el conocimiento sobre patógenos transmisibles y factores asociados entre trabajadores y estudiantes de la Salud en el marco de la implementación de la norma NR-32. Creamos escalas para evaluar el conocimiento y la adhesión con base en 12 e 11 preguntas respectivamente. Utilizamos Regresión de Poisson-Tweedie para evaluar asociación entre el conocimiento y la adhesión a las PUs con sufrir AT-MB. Evaluamos 965 individuos (348 estudiantes e 617 profesionales). El puntaje medio de conocimiento fue 10,98 con mediana de 11 (10, 12) y α-Cr de 0,625. La media de adhesión fue de 30,74 con mediana de 31 (28, 34) e α-Cr de 0,745, asociándose a país, grupo (estudiantes) e percepción de riesgo. Entre los factores asociados al relato de AT-MB encontramos conocimiento, adhesión a las PUs, país de origen y tener el esquema completo de vacunación contra Virus da Hepatitis B. Concluimos que el nivel de conocimiento y adhesión fueron adecuados, aunque mejores entre los participantes del Brasil y se asociaron a los AT-MB.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Needlestick Injuries/prevention & control , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cohort Studies , Colombia , Blood-Borne Pathogens , Guideline Adherence , Hospitals, University , Middle Aged
10.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 28: e3239, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1058537

ABSTRACT

Objective: to identify the intensity of depressive symptoms and their associated factors in healthcare undergraduate students. Method: cross-sectional study developed with undergraduate health students from a public higher education institution using the Beck Depression Inventory-version II and a student characterization questionnaire. The study involved 792 participants. For data analysis, we used descriptive statistics, chi-squared test and Poisson regression. Results: the intensity of depressive symptoms was moderate to severe in 23.6% of the students, associated with the non-performance of physical and leisure activities and with speech therapy and nursing courses. Conclusion: several factors may be associated with depression, thus, further investigation into the related factors that cause its emergence in this period of life is necessary, as well as raising institutional awareness and developing strategies at the personal and group level to promote well-being, improve time management and interpersonal relationships, in order to achieve better academic results and personal development.


Objetivo: identificar a intensidade de sintomas depressivos e seus fatores associados em estudantes universitários da área da saúde. Método: estudo transversal desenvolvido com estudantes dos cursos de graduação da área da saúde de uma instituição de ensino superior pública por meio do Inventário de Depressão de Beck - versão II e um questionário de caracterização dos estudantes. Participaram do estudo 792 estudantes. Utilizaram-se, para a análise dos dados, estatística descritiva, teste do qui-quadrado e regressão de Poisson. Resultados: a intensidade dos sintomas depressivos mostrou-se entre moderada e grave em 23,6% dos estudantes, associada à não realização de atividades física e de lazer e aos cursos de fonoaudiologia e enfermagem. Conclusão: diversos fatores podem estar associados à depressão, assim, tornam-se necessárias maiores investigações quanto aos fatores relacionados que provocam seu surgimento nesse período de vida, bem como estar atento institucionalmente e desenvolver estratégias em nível pessoal e grupal que promovam bem-estar, melhoria da gestão do tempo e relações interpessoais, acarretando melhor aproveitamento e desenvolvimento do estudante.


Objetivo: identificar la intensidad de síntomas depresivos y sus factores asociados en estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. Método: estudio transversal desarrollado con estudiantes de los cursos de grado del área de la salud de una institución de enseñanza superior pública por medio del Inventario de Depresión de Beck-versión II y un cuestionario de caracterización de los estudiantes. Participaron en el estudio 792 estudiantes. Para el análisis de los datos, se utilizaron estadística descriptiva, prueba chi cuadrado y regresión de Poisson. Resultados: la intensidad de los síntomas depresivos se mostró entre moderada y grave en el 23,6 % de los estudiantes, asociada a la no realización de actividades físicas y de ocio y a los cursos de fonoaudiología y enfermería. Conclusión: diversos factores pueden estar asociados a la depresión, así, se requieren más investigaciones respecto a los factores relacionados que provocan su surgimiento en este período de vida, así como estar atento institucionalmente y desarrollar estrategias en nivel personal y grupal que promuevan el bienestar, la mejora de la gestión del tiempo y las relaciones interpersonales, lo que resulta en un mejor aprovechamiento y desarrollo del estudiante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Students, Health Occupations/psychology , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Depression
11.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 12: 1066-1073, jan.-dez. 2020. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1117617

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento de estudantes dos cursos de Graduação em Enfermagem, Psicologia e Serviço Social sobre o conceito de Morte Encefálica e aspectos do processo de doação e transplante de órgãos e tecidos. Métodos: Estudo de campo, exploratório, descritivo e prospectivo, quantitativo. Realizado em Instituição de Ensino Superior privada. Utilizou-se contendo 10 questões, sobre o processo de doação de órgãos e perguntas relacionadas ao perfil da amostra. Participaram do estudo, acadêmicos de Enfermagem, Psicologia e Serviço Social. Realizada análise descritiva e quantitativa dos dados. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 449 acadêmicos. Constatou-se que os participantes possuem conhecimento a respeito do processo de doação e transplante de órgãos, porém com lacunas, que reverberam a importância destes futuros profissionais buscarem aprofundar os saberes sobre esta temática. Conclusão:Ressalta-se a importância dos profissionais da área da saúde conhecerem o processo de doação e transplante podendo contribuir com o aumento do número de doações


Objective: Evaluate the knowledge of students of undergraduate courses in Nursing, Psychology and Social Work on the concept of Brain Death and aspects of the donation process and organs and tissues transplantation. Method: Field study, exploratory, descriptive and prospective, quantitative. The research was realize in a Private Higher Education Institution. We used 10 questions about the organ donation process and questions related to the profile of the sample. Participating in the study academics of Nursing, Psychology and Social Work. Descriptive and quantitative data analysis. Results: The study included 449 students. It was verified that the participants have knowledge about the process of donation and organ transplantation, but with gaps, which reverberate the importance of these future professionals to seek to deepen the knowledge on this subject. Conclusion: Emphasizes the importance of health professionals knowing the donation process and organ transplantation because that may contribute to the increased number of donations


Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento de estudiantes de las carreras de grado en Enfermería, Psicología y Servicio Social sobre el concepto de muerte encefálica y proceso de donación y trasplante de órganos y tejidos. Métodos: Estudio de campo, exploratorio, descriptivo y prospectivo, cuantitativo. Realizado en Institución de Enseñanza Superior privada. Se utilizó cuestionario con 10 preguntas, sobre el proceso de donación de órganos y preguntas relacionadas al perfil de la muestra. Participaron del estudio, académicos de Enfermería, Psicología y Servicio Social. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 449 académicos. Se constató que los participantes tienen conocimiento acerca de donación y trasplante de órganos, pero con lagunas, que reverberan la importancia de estos futuros profesionales buscar profundizar los saberes sobre esta temática. Conclusión: Se resalta la importancia de que los profesionales de salud conozcan el proceso de donación y trasplante de órganos con vistas a que puedan contribuir al aumento del número de donaciones


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Psychology/education , Social Work/education , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Students, Nursing , Organ Transplantation , Tissue and Organ Procurement , Brain Death , Surveys and Questionnaires
12.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 53: e20190476, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1101453

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION This study investigated the prevalence of blood donors' test-seeking behavior and related factors among health sciences undergraduate students. METHODS A total of 750 students were invited. Data regarding sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics, blood donation practices, and test-seeking behavior were collected. RESULTS: Of the invited students, 341 (45.5%) agreed to participate and answered questions regarding test-seeking behavior. The sample comprised 83.1% females, 96.8% singles, 87.2% heterosexuals, and 32.6% of them had previously donated blood. A high prevalence of blood donor test-seeking behavior (14.4%; 95% CI: 10.8%-18.5%) was observed and associated with blood donation practices. CONCLUSIONS: Test-seeking behavior was common among the interviewed students, thereby highlighting the importance of developing a better understanding of its determinants to prevent this behavior in key populations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Blood Donors/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
13.
Trends psychiatry psychother. (Impr.) ; 41(4): 415-421, Oct.-Dez. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1059179

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To perform a systematic review of articles evaluating implicit attitudes of health professionals and undergraduate students in the health field toward the elderly. Methods The PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and LILACS databases were searched for relevant articles published in English, Portuguese and Spanish using the following search terms: implicit attitude AND (elderly OR aged OR older people). Seven articles were selected. Results The majority of studies were conducted in developed countries and found negative attitudes toward the elderly, with males exhibiting more negative attitudes than females. Conclusion The articles analyzed in this review demonstrate an implicitly negative attitude among professionals and students in the field of health toward the elderly.


Resumo Objetivo Realizar uma revisão sistemática de artigos publicados que avaliam atitudes implícitas em relação ao idoso de profissionais de saúde e estudantes de cursos de graduação da área da saúde. Método A pesquisa foi realizada nos bancos de dados PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus e LILACS, buscando artigos relevantes publicados em inglês, português e espanhol. Foram utilizados os seguintes operadores booleanos: implicit attitude AND (elderly OR aged OR older people). Foram selecionados 7 artigos. Resultado A maioria dos estudos selecionados foi realizada em países desenvolvidos e relatou uma atitude negativa em relação aos idosos. Indivíduos do sexo masculino apresentaram mais atitude negativa que os do sexo feminino. Conclusão Os artigos analisados nesta revisão mostram que a atitude negativa em relação ao público idoso está implicitamente presente entre os profissionais e estudantes da área da saúde.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Students, Health Occupations/psychology , Attitude of Health Personnel , Health Personnel/psychology , Ageism/psychology , Ageism/statistics & numerical data , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data
14.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 11(4): 957-961, jul.-set. 2019. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1005813

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento dos acadêmicos da escola da saúde de uma universidade privada sobre o atendimento de ressuscitação cardiopulmonar no suporte básico de vida. Método: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em uma universidade privada com 276 estudantes dos cursos de enfermagem, educação física, fisioterapia e nutrição que responderam a um questionário sobre o tema. Resultados: Constatou-se que os alunos entrevistados, em geral, obtiveram desempenho razoável sobre o conhecimento de ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Destacaram-se os alunos do curso de enfermagem que apresentaram melhor correlação positiva de 0,8658, bem próximo do indicador 1, que representa uma correlação forte, seguidos dos alunos de fisioterapia com 0,2406. Conclusão: Foi possível identificar que apenas os alunos de dois cursos obtiveram desempenho significativo, tendo em vista que esse é um conhecimento essencial em suas profissões


Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of the academics of the health school of a private university about the care of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in basic life support. Method: Descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, carried out in a private university with 276 students from the nursing, physical education, physiotherapy and nutrition courses who answered a questionnaire on the subject. Results: It was found that the interviewed students, in general, obtained a reasonable performance on the knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Nursing students with a better positive correlation of 0.8658, close to indicator 1, showed a strong correlation, followed by physical therapy students with 0.2406. Conclusion: It was possible to identify that only the students of two courses obtained significant performance, considering that this is an essential knowledge in their professions


Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento de los académicos de la escuela de salud de una universidad privada sobre la atención de la resucitación cardiopulmonar en el soporte básico de la vida. Método: Estudio descriptivo, con abordaje cuantitativo, realizado en una universidad privada con 276 estudiantes de los cursos de enfermería, educación física, fisioterapia y nutrición que respondieron a un cuestionario sobre el tema. Resultados: Se constató que los alumnos entrevistados, en general, obtuvieron desempeño razonable sobre el conocimiento de la resucitación cardiopulmonar. Se destacaron los alumnos del curso de enfermería que presentaron mejor correlación positiva de 0,8658, muy cerca del indicador 1, que representa una correlación fuerte, seguidos de los alumnos de fisioterapia con 0,2406. Conclusión: Fue posible identificar que sólo los alumnos de dos cursos obtuvieron desempeño significativo, teniendo en cuenta que ese es un conocimiento esencial en sus profesiones


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/education , Educational Measurement/statistics & numerical data , Physical Therapy Specialty/education , Education, Nursing/statistics & numerical data , /education
15.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 65(6): 870-879, June 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1012994

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY This study aimed to assess the prevalence of medical and nonmedical use of psychiatric medication among undergraduate students of health sciences from a public university in Brasil. Another objective was to determine the frequency of nuclear morphological abnormalities in the buccal mucosa of students using psychiatric drugs. A cross-sectional study based on a Web survey was carried out with 375 health sciences undergraduate students from schools of Pharmacy, Physical Education, Nutrition, and Medicine. Additionally, spontaneous genetic damages in exfoliated cells of the buccal mucosa of 41 individuals by counting micronucleus (MN) and binucleated (BN) cells frequencies were evaluated. The results showed 76 (20.3%) of students reported the use of psychotropic drugs after enrolling in university. The majority of these students were from Pharmacy and Medicine programs, females, aged between 18-25 years old, nonsmokers, alcohol addicts, and with a family history of mental illness. In addition, Medical students, individuals with high-income, who live alone and are in the last period of the program are more likely to use psychotropic drugs. Moreover, exposure to psychiatric medication was able to increase the number of binucleated cells. These results provide evidence that the use of psychoactive drugs is increased in the academic context and may be related to the failure of the cell cycle.


RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de uso médico e não médico de medicação psiquiátrica entre estudantes de graduação em Ciências da Saúde de uma universidade pública do Brasil. Outro objetivo foi determinar a frequência de anormalidades nucleares morfológicas na mucosa bucal desses estudantes. Realizou-se um estudo transversal baseado na Web com 375 estudantes de graduação em Ciências da Saúde das escolas de Farmácia, Educação Física, Nutrição e Medicina. Adicionalmente, danos genéticos espontâneos em células esfoliadas da mucosa bucal de 41 indivíduos foram analisados para estudo da frequência de micronúcleos e células binucleadas. Os resultados mostraram que 76 (20,8%) dos estudantes relataram que usaram drogas psicotrópicas após se matricularem na universidade. O uso desses medicamentos foi maior entre estudantes de cursos de Farmácia e Medicina, sexo feminino, idade entre 18 e 25 anos, não tabagistas, alcoolistas e histórico familiar de doença mental. Além disso, estudantes de Medicina, indivíduos com alta renda, que moram sozinhos e estão no último período do curso são mais propensos a usar drogas psicotrópicas. Ademais, a exposição à medicação psiquiátrica foi capaz de aumentar o número de células binucleadas. Esses resultados fornecem evidências de que o uso de drogas psicotrópicas aumenta no contexto acadêmico e pode estar relacionado à falha do ciclo celular.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Drug Misuse/statistics & numerical data , Mouth Mucosa/drug effects , Mouth Mucosa/pathology , Socioeconomic Factors , Universities , Brazil , Micronucleus Tests , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors
16.
São Paulo med. j ; 136(4): 333-338, July-Aug. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-962743

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to evaluate female sexual function among young undergraduate women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey conducted among Brazilian undergraduate students. METHODS: This study used online questionnaires to assess sociodemographic and health-related data and used the Brazilian version of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) among female undergraduate students aged 18 to 25 years who were regularly enrolled in undergraduate healthcare courses. The FSFI is composed of 19 items that measure female sexual function over the last four weeks, in six domains: desire and subjective stimulation, sexual arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain or discomfort. RESULTS: Among the 149 female undergraduate students evaluated, 43 (28.8%) presented sexual dysfunction (score < 26.55). Health conditions were not associated with female sexual dysfunction. Among the women with sexual dysfunction, all domains of the sexual response cycle were affected (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Sexual dysfunction was identified in at least a quarter of these young undergraduate women and it was not associated with gynecological problems, menstrual cycles, dysmenorrhea, contraceptive use or physical activity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/epidemiology , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Self Report
18.
Rev. méd. Hosp. José Carrasco Arteaga ; 9(3): 255-260, Nov. 2017. Tablas
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1005721

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La presencia de agotamiento psicológico, despersonalización y deterioro del desarrollo personal, es conocido como estrés académico. Esta sintomatología produce la activación fisiológica, psicológica, cognitiva y conductual pudiendo ser un factor de riesgo para desarrollar depresión. El objetivo es evaluar el estrés académico en estudiantes de medicina y establecer la relación con la depresión. MÉTODO: Estudio analítico de corte transversal, que incluyó estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca-Ecuador, durante el ciclo académico de septiembre 2016 a febrero 2017. La muestra fue probabilística, con aleatorización simple de los participantes. Se evaluó el estrés académico y su relación con la depresión, a través de un formulario conformado por variables sociodemográficas, el inventario SISCO y la escala de Hamilton. RESULTADOS: Participaron 159 estudiantes de primero a noveno ciclo. Cursaban los ciclos de fundamentación teórica (66.7 %). El género mayoritario fue el femenino (58.5 %). El grupo de edad predominante fueron los adultos jóvenes (67.9 %). La residencia urbana fue del (76.7 %). La mayoría registraron ser solteros (97.5 %). Se autoidentificaron como mestizos el (89.9 %). Los estudiantes que presentaron estrés académico fue del (95 %). Registraron depresión el (57.9 %), como factor de riesgo para presentar estrés académico según (RP 1.02) (IC 95% 0.94-1.09). Esta asociación no fue estadísticamente significativa (p = 0.644). Elestadístico de contraste de hipótesis fue el Chi2. CONCLUSIONES: Existieron diferencias significativas al establecer la prevalencia de estrés académico en estudiantes de medicina, sin embargo, no se demostró la relación con la depresión, a pesar de ser un factor de riesgo.


BACKGROUND: The presence of psychological exhaustion, depersonalization and deterioration of personal development, is known as academic stress. This symptomatology produces the physiological, psychological, cognitive and behavioral activation, being able to be a risk factor to develop depression. The aim was to evaluated academic stress in medical students and establishes the relationship with depression. METHODS: It was a Cross-sectional study, which included medical students from the Catholic University of Cuenca - Ecuador, during the academic cycle from September 2016 to February 2017. The sample was probabilistic, with the simple random assignment of participants. Academic stress and it was relations to depression were evaluated through a form composed of sociodemographic variables,the SISCO inventory and theHamilton scale. RESULTS: Participated 159 students from the first to the ninth cycle, who studied theoretical cycles (66.7%). The majority sex was female (58.5%). The predominant age group was young adults (67.9%). The urban residence was (76.7%). According to the marital status,the majority were single (97.5%), self-identified asmestizos (89.9%). The students who presented academic stresswere(95%),registereddepression(57.9%),asarisk factorforpresentingacademic stress according to (PR 1.02) (95% CI: 0.94-1.09) . This association was not statistically significant(p = 0.644). The hypothesis test statistic was Chi2. CONCLUSIONS: Itwas existed a significant difference to establishing the prevalence of academic stress in medical students, however, was not demonstrated the relationship with depression, despite being a risk factor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Stress, Psychological/diagnosis , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Depression/etiology , Psychology , Mental Health
19.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 145(9): 1184-1192, set. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902605

ABSTRACT

Background: To optimize the teaching-learning process it is fundamental to know the representations that students have regarding knowledge. Epistemological beliefs are implicit theories that guide the practical actions of people. Aim: To characterize and compare epistemological beliefs regarding the nature and acquisition of scientific knowledge of health career students. Material and Methods: Between 2012 and 2013, 726 students coursing first, third or fifth year from six health careers answered a validated questionnaire that includes closed and open questions aimed to characterize their epistemological beliefs about scientific knowledge. Results: Irrespective of the career, when students had to select predefined answers, most of them appeared as constructivists (61%). On the other hand, when they had to argue, the majority seemed objectivist (47%). First-year medical students have the highest frequency of constructivist epistemological beliefs (56%). Paradoxically, the lowest percentage is found (34%) in the fifth year. The students of the health careers, in particular those of Medicine, recognize that knowledge is not acquired immediately (83%) and that its distribution is shared (92%). Conclusions: Discordance between selections and arguments suggests that epistemological sophistication is achieved declaratively but not practically. The lower proportion of students who presented constructivist beliefs in the fifth year compared to first year of Medicine could be associated with the pedagogical approaches used in the different cycles of the career.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Students, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Knowledge , Culture , Learning , Time Factors , Chile/ethnology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sex Distribution
20.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 21(5): 1461-1470, Mai. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-781006

ABSTRACT

Resumo Visando discutir a formação profissional na pós-graduação para o sistema público de saúde que integre os campos da saúde pública e da atenção primária à saúde (APS), este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre a construção e proposta metodológica de dois cursos desenvolvidos pela ENSP/Fiocruz em parceria com o Município/RJ, entre 2010-2014: Mestrado Profissional/APS (MPAPS) e Especialização em Saúde Pública. Metodologia: sistematização de documentos acadêmicos dos cursos, com elaboração de categorias analíticas emergentes (histórico gerencial-interface teórica, campo pedagógico). Resultados/Discussão: Duas turmas de MPAPS (n = 24 alunos/turma) e cinco de Especialização (média de 30/turma) foram desenvolvidas no período, com aprovação em torno de 90-80%, com estrutura curricular ajustada à realidade local. Destacam-se como desafios implementados: 1) no plano epistemológico: desenvolvimento de competências para formação profissional que produzissem sentidos coerentes à saúde, como produção social/cultural; 2) na perspectiva da aprendizagem: elaboração de dinâmicas que valorizassem os sujeitos da aprendizagem, seus contextos socioculturais e experiências; 3) ambientes e relações do trabalho, comproblematização das mesmas, trazendo-as para o ambiente de aprendizagem.


Abstract This paper examines post-graduation professional training and qualification courses in the fields of public health and primary healthcare. Its aim is to reflect on the construction and methodological proposal of two courses given by ENSP/Fiocruz in partnership with the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro, over the years 2010 to 2014: The Professional Master’s Degree in Primary Healthcare (MPAPS), and Specialization in Public Health. Methodology: Systematization of academic documents of the courses, with preparation of emerging analytical categories (theoretical management-interface history, field of pedagogy). Results/discussion: Two classes of the MPAPS course (n=24 students per group) and five of the Specialization course (average 30 per group) were held in the period, with approval rates at the 90%–80% level, with curriculum structure adjusted to the local situation. As challenges that were implemented, we highlight: 1) On the epistemological level: development of competencies for professional training that would produce results coherent with health, as social/cultural production; 2) from the learning point of view: preparation of dynamics that give value to the students, their social-cultural context and experiences; 3) work environments and relationships, bringing their structured analysis into the learning environment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Public Health/education , Health Personnel/education , Education, Graduate/methods , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Curriculum
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